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Supreme Court of India
Punjab National Bank & Anr vs Vilas, S/O Govindrao Bokade & Anr on 22 March, 2007
Bench: V.S. Sirpurkar
CASE NO.:
Appeal (civil) 1547 of 2007
PETITIONER:
Punjab National Bank & Anr
RESPONDENT:
Vilas, S/o Govindrao Bokade & Anr
DATE OF JUDGMENT: 22/03/2007
BENCH:
V.S. Sirpurkar
JUDGMENT:
JUDGMENT O R D E R
(Arising out of SLP (C) No.15544 of 2005) WITH CIVIL APPEAL NO.1548
(Arising out of SLP (C) No.15544 of 2005) WITH CIVIL APPEAL NO.1548
OF 2007 (Arising out of SLP (C) No.15534 of 2005) Punjab National Bank . Appellant Versus Ku.
Nirmala D/o Balaji Patansaongkar . Respondent
1. I have had the benefit of seeing the order passed by Justice H.K. Sema directing the dismissal of
the appeals filed by the Punjab National Bank. I would chose to give my reasons while agreeing with
my learned Brother that the appeals deserve to be dismissed. The followings are my reasons:
2. The High Court after referring to the Government Resolution dated 30.6.2004 and relying on the
reported decision of this Court in State of Mahrashtra vs. Milind & others [(2001) 1 SCC 4], allowed
the writ petition setting aside the order of termination. The Resolution dated 30.6.2004 emanates
from the Government Resolution dated 15.6.1995. The corresponding para 4 of the Resolution dated
15.6.1995 reads as under: "4. The reservation given to the abovementioned 'Special backward
Category' will remain as a backlog for direct service recruitment and promotion. The principle of
crimilayer will not apply to this category. The persons in the category who have prior to this on the
basis of scheduled tribe certificate obtained admission in the government, semi government services
on promotion they should not be removed from this promotion or service."
Corresponding paragraph 4 of the Government Resolution dated 15.6.1995 was reiterated in
paragraph (a) of the Government Resolution dated 30.6.2004 which reads as under:
"(a) The non tribal who have received recruitment promotion in the government/semi governmental
services on the reserved seats for the scheduled tribes prior to 15th June, 1995, should not be
removed from service or should not be demoted. They should be shown in the constituent to which
they belong. Henceforth the reservation benefits entitled to that particular constituent will be due to
them and the vacated posts in this manner should be filled from the tribal category."
Punjab National Bank & Anr vs Vilas, S/O Govindrao Bokade & Anr on 22 March, 2007
Indian Kanoon - http://indiankanoon.org/doc/770198/ 13. Shri Mehta, learned counsel for the appellant Bank contended firstly that the High Court was not
right in relying upon the decision in Milind's case (supra). For this he relied on the judgment in
State of Maharashtra & Ors. Vs. Sanjay K. Nimje [2007 (2) Scale 214] where this Court also made a
reference to the Government Resolution dated 15.6.1995 in paragraph 13 of the judgment and held
that since the respondent therein was appointed on 29.6.1995, the protection of Government
Resolution dated 15.6.1995 was not available in his case. Shri Mehta also pointed out that in the
latter part of the judgment this Court made a reference to the enactment called Maharashtra
Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, De- notified Tribes (Vimukta Jatis), Nomadic Tribes, Other
Backward Classes and Special Backward Caegory (Regulation of Issuance and Verification of) Caste
Certificate Act, 2000 and went on to hold that since the petitioner therein was not protected by the
Government Resolution dated 15.6.1995, he would be covered under the said enactment and more
particularly under Section 10 thereof which provided that the benefits secured on the basis of false
caste certificate would be withdrawn and such person cannot continue to reap the benefits on the
basis of the caste certificate which was found to be incorrect. Shri Mehta referred to paras 13, 14 and
17 of that judgment and urged that the situation was no different in this case. He further pointed out
that the Division Bench had referred to Milind's case (supra) and had observed in para 21:
"It may be true that an authoritative pronouncement in this behalf came for the first time in Milind's
case (supra) but it is not a case where the respondent pleaded and proved bona fide".
Mr.Mehta, therefore, firstly urged that the High Court could not have applied the law laid down in
Milind's case. He also urged that the said Resolution dated 15.6.1995 would not be applicable to the
Central Government Employees and the banks. He urged that the respondent herein, being a bank
employee, was not entitled to the benefit of the Resolution. Therefore, Shri Mehta contends that
firstly the respondent cannot get the benefit of Milind's case and secondly he cannot get the
protection of the Government Resolution dated 15.6.1995 particularly because of the subsequent Act
passed by the State of Maharashtra which is directly relied upon by the Division Bench.
4. In my opinion firstly, the decision in Sanjay K. Nimje's case (supra) would not apply to the
present case. There it was found by the Division Bench that Sanjay Nimje was admittedly appointed
on 29.6.1995 while the said Government Resolution provided the protection only to those who were
appointed upto 15.6.1995 and hence the respondent stood ousted by Section 10 of the Act. Here the
admitted case is that the present respondent has been appointed in the year 1989, much prior to the
said date of 15.6.1995. In that view the observations in paras 13 and 14 in Sanjay Nimje's case would
not be applicable to the present respondent and, therefore, there will be no question of testing as to
whether the protection of the Government Resolution dated 15.6.1995 will be available to the
petitioner or not.
5. It is not necessary for us to consider the question as to whether protection provided in the
Government Resolution dated 15.6.1995 is applicable to a bank employee like the respondent since
the protection is provided in Milind's case in no uncertain terms. This court has very specifically
observed at the end of para 38 as under: "Having regard to the passage of time, in the given
circumstances, including interim orders passed by this Court in SLP (C) No.16372 of 1985 and other
related affairs, we make it clear that the admissions and appointments that have become final, shall
Punjab National Bank & Anr vs Vilas, S/O Govindrao Bokade & Anr on 22 March, 2007
Indian Kanoon - http://indiankanoon.org/doc/770198/ 2remain unaffected by this judgment"
(This was of course after discussing the factual situation in that case and particularly noting the
prejudice that could be caused to the respondent Milind in view of the period of 15 years spent in
finalizing the issue of his caste status).
6. It will be seen in this judgment that this Court came to the conclusion that Koshtis cannot claim
the status of the scheduled tribe. The Supreme Court there was considering the specific question as
to whether Halba- Kosthis caste is a Scheduled Tribe within the meaning of Entry 19 (Halba/Halbi)
of the Scheduled Tribe order, 1950 related to State of Maharashtra even though it was not
specifically mentioned as such.
7. After referring to the 1950 order and after considering number of decisions on the question
ultimately court came to the conclusion that such status of Scheduled Tribe could not be conferred
on those who were belonging to Halba-Koshti caste. The decision in that behalf rendered by the
Division Bench of the Bombay High Court was set aside. However, considering the circumstances
that respondent who had become a doctor about 15 years back would be losing his status, the
Supreme Court made the aforementioned observation. Therefore, it was tried to be suggested before
us that the observations were applicable to that particular case and the facts therein. Ordinarily we
would have been persuaded to accept the argument. However, fortunately for respondent this
observation was later on relied upon by this Court in another decision in Civil Appeal No.3375 of
2000 (arising out of SLP (C) No.6524 of 1988) decided on 12.12.2000 wherein this Court observed"
"The appellant having belonged to Koshti caste claimed to be included in the Scheduled tribe of
Halba and obtained an appointment as Assistant Engineer. When his appointment was sought to be
terminated on the basis that he did not belong to scheduled tribe by the Government a writ petition
was filed before the High Court challenging that order which was allowed. That order is questioned
in this appeal. The questions arising in this case are covered by the decision in State of Maharashtra
vs. Milind & Ors. 2000 (7) Scale 628 and was got to be allowed, however, the benefits derived till
now shall be available to the appellant to the effect that his appointment as Assistant Engineer shall
stand protected but no further. The appeal is disposed of accordingly."
8. The situation is no different in case of the present respondent. He also came to be appointed
and/or promoted way back in the year 1989 on the basis of his caste certificate which declared him
to be Scheduled Tribe. Ultimately it was found that since a "Koshti" does not get the status of a
Scheduled Tribe, the Caste Scrutiny Committee invalided the said certificate holding that
respondent was a Koshti and not a Halba. I must hasten to add that there is no finding in the order
of caste scrutiny committee that the petitioner lacked in bona fides in getting the certificate. I say
that to overcome the observations in para 21 in Sanjay Nimje's case. "But it is not a case where the
respondent pleaded and proved bona fide.
9. Under such circumstances the High Court was fully justified in relying on the observations made
in Milind's case. The High Court has not referred to the judgment and order in Civil Appeal No.3375
of 2000 decided on 12.12.2000 to which a reference has been made above. However, it is clear that
Punjab National Bank & Anr vs Vilas, S/O Govindrao Bokade & Anr on 22 March, 2007
Indian Kanoon - http://indiankanoon.org/doc/770198/ 3the High Court was right in holding that the observations in Milind's case apply to the case of the
present respondent and he stands protected thereby.
10. If the respondent even otherwise stands protected by Milind's judgment as also the judgment in
Civil Appeal No.3375 of 2000 decided on 12.12.2000, then it would be unnecessary to decide as to
whether the Government Resolution dated 15.6.1995 provides protection to the petitioner or not.
The respondent therefore, ought to get the limited protection in terms of the judgment in CA 3375 of
2000 and no further.
11. I am in respectful agreement with my Brother in respect of para 17 in Sanjay K. Nimje's case
wherein the contention in those paras which were relied upon by Shri Mehta are held to be obiter.
12. In that view I, for the above reasons, agree with my learned Brother Sema, J. that the appeals
filed by the Punjab National Bank deserve to be dismissed.
Punjab National Bank & Anr vs Vilas, S/O Govindrao Bokade & Anr on 22 March, 2007
Indian Kanoon - http://indiankanoon.org/doc/770198/ 4
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